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CAGR Calculator

Calculate Compound Annual Growth Rate from any start and end value - or find the future value for a given CAGR and period.

CAGR Calculator

CAGR Explained

CAGR Formula

CAGR = (End Value / Begin Value)^(1/n) − 1. It smooths out year-to-year volatility to give a single steady growth rate over the period.

CAGR Limitation

CAGR ignores interim volatility. A fund down 50% then up 100% shows 0% CAGR - but you never broke even emotionally. Always check rolling returns too.

Good CAGR Benchmarks

FD: 6–7.5% · PPF: 7.1% · Nifty 50 (15-yr avg): ~12–13% · Mid cap: ~14–16% · Real estate metro: ~8–12%. Beat the benchmark consistently.

XIRR vs CAGR

CAGR works for lumpsum. Use XIRR for irregular cash flows (SIP, dividends). XIRR in Excel calculates true annualised return for all cash flow types.

CAGR Calculator Compound Annual Growth Rate

Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) is the most widely used metric for measuring the growth of an investment, business, or any measurable quantity over a period of multiple years. Unlike simple average growth rates which can be misleading, CAGR represents the constant annual rate at which a value would need to grow to reach the ending value from the starting value over the specified number of years. The formula is: CAGR = (End Value / Start Value)^(1/n) - 1, where n is the number of years.

CAGR in Indian Investments and Business

SEBI mandates that mutual fund houses in India report long-term returns using CAGR to ensure investors make like-for-like comparisons. The Nifty 50 index has delivered approximately 12-13% CAGR over the past 20 years, making it a benchmark against which equity mutual funds measure their performance. India's GDP has grown at a CAGR of approximately 6-7% in real terms over the past decade, while sectors like e-commerce, fintech, and electric vehicles have reported CAGRs exceeding 25-30%. CAT and MBA entrance examination syllabi include CAGR problems in the quantitative aptitude sections.

Three Calculation Modes

This tool supports three calculation modes: (1) calculating CAGR from a known start value, end value, and number of years; (2) reverse-calculating the future value for a given start value, CAGR, and period; and (3) finding the number of years needed to reach a target value at a specified CAGR. Investors reviewing mutual fund SIP returns, startup founders presenting to VCs, and financial analysts preparing pitch decks all use CAGR regularly. This calculator provides instant, accurate results for all three scenarios without requiring any spreadsheet software.

CAGR Questions

CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) is the rate at which an investment grows each year on a compounded basis. Formula: CAGR = (End Value / Start Value)^(1/Years) − 1. Unlike simple average return, CAGR accounts for compounding and smooths year-to-year volatility. Example: ₹1 lakh growing to ₹2.14 lakh in 7 years = 11.5% CAGR - more accurate than averaging individual annual returns.

Historical CAGR benchmarks for Indian mutual funds: Large-cap equity funds - 12–15% over 10 years; Mid-cap funds - 15–18%; Small-cap funds - 18–22% (higher risk); Debt funds - 6–8%; Balanced/Hybrid funds - 10–13%. The Nifty 50 index has delivered ~13% CAGR over 20 years. A fund CAGR consistently above its benchmark index indicates outperformance by the fund manager.

CAGR assumes a single lump-sum investment at the start. XIRR (Extended Internal Rate of Return) accounts for multiple cash flows at different dates - ideal for SIP investments where you invest monthly. If you invest via SIP, always use XIRR to measure actual returns, not CAGR. Most mutual fund apps and AMFI factsheets show XIRR for SIP portfolios and CAGR for lump-sum investments.

At 15% CAGR, ₹1 lakh doubles in about 4.8 years (Rule of 72: 72÷15). After 10 years it becomes ₹4.05 lakhs; after 20 years ₹16.4 lakhs; after 30 years ₹66.2 lakhs. This illustrates the power of compounding - wealth multiplication accelerates dramatically in later years. Indian equity markets have historically delivered 13–15% CAGR over 20-year periods, making long-term equity the preferred wealth-creation instrument.

CAGR standardises return comparison across investments with different holding periods. Example: Equity MF at 18% CAGR vs Bank FD at 7% CAGR over 5 years - equity delivers ₹2.29L vs ₹1.40L on ₹1L. Always compare CAGR for the same time period and adjust for risk. High CAGR with high volatility (standard deviation) may not suit conservative investors - use CAGR alongside Sharpe ratio for a complete picture.